Studies regarding National Israel, God’s elect earthly people. This section covers the distinct identity of the Jewish nation, the unconditional promises regarding the Land, their history of judgment and scattering, and their future restoration and prominence in the plan of God, separate from the Church.
Elimelech’s decision to leave Bethlehem for Moab during a famine serves as a sober warning about walking by sight rather than faith. His departure set the stage for a story of profound loss and the ultimate redemption found in the kinsman-redeemer.
Jeremiah 31 anchors a balanced case for Israel’s future: the Abrahamic, Land, Davidic, and New Covenants stand together and cannot be canceled. The apostles confirm that God’s gifts and calling remain, and Christ will fulfill every promise.
God established circumcision as a sign of His covenant with Abraham, then used it to teach the need for inner renewal. The prophets called for heart-circumcision; the apostles announced it fulfilled in Christ by the Spirit, uniting Jew and Gentile in one people of faith.
Trumpets are covenant cues across the canon—gathering God’s people, warning of danger, crowning kings, and announcing hope. Numbers 10 anchors the theme and points forward to the last trumpet in Christ.
Scripture commands welcome, justice, and hospitality toward foreigners while guarding holiness and order. Because modern nations like the U.S. are religiously plural, Christians honor neighbors’ freedom and treat the moment as a mission opportunity—sharing the gospel with gentleness and hope.
The ten plagues expose false gods and reveal the Lord who judges and saves. In Passover, blood marks a people for life, shaping Israel’s identity and foreshadowing greater redemption.
Purim, from the book of Esther, celebrates God’s hidden deliverance when His people faced destruction. It turns sorrow to joy and teaches trust in unseen providence.
Scripture uses “law,” “torah,” and “Pentateuch” with care. This guide maps their overlap and differences and shows how Christ and the Spirit bring the words of God to life.
Edom’s red cliffs could not hide pride from the Lord. Obadiah 1 indicts kin-violence and announces Zion’s deliverance, ending with the sure promise that the kingdom will be the Lord’s.
The Songs of Ascents form a miniature hymnal for pilgrims—Psalms 120–134—moving from distress to doxology. They train hearts to look to the Maker, love Zion, and carry worship into ordinary steps.
Hallel is Scripture’s praise cluster—Psalms 113–118—sung for the God who rescues and reigns. These songs train memory, strengthen gratitude, and call the nations to join the chorus fulfilled in Christ.
Shechem’s valley gathers Scripture’s memory into one saddle between Ebal and Gerizim. From Abraham’s altar to Jesus at Jacob’s well, it is where grace, warning, and hope meet.
The Shema shaped Israel’s heart through daily words and visible reminders, calling a people to love the one Lord with everything. This essay traces its history, theology, family practice, and wise use for Christians today.
“LXX” points to the Greek Old Testament widely used in the first century and often quoted by the apostles. Seeing how the Septuagint and Hebrew streams meet will deepen confidence in Scripture and clarify tough notes for modern readers.
Daniel 9 outlines seventy “weeks” for Israel—69 to Messiah’s cutting off and one future seven-year Tribulation. This timeline anchors hope in Christ’s cross and coming kingdom.